Introduction

Jon Hellevig
Articles, Lectures
and presentations

Publications
Book reviews
Blog
Contact

Legal Services in Russia
Business Administration
Outsourcing in Russia

Market Research in Russia
Accounting Services in Russia
Recruitment and HR services
in Russia

Corporate Trainings in Russia

Social Practices and
Interpretation of Feelings

Speech and Language
Speech vs. Language
Language - Interpretation of
Feelings

Evolution of Speech
Memory
Mind and Consciousness
A Study of Expressions and
Interpretations

Homeostasis
Language as Language
Practices

Meaning
Mental Processes
Materialism Reinterpreted -
New Dualism

Biological Paradigm
What is art!
Competitionism
Wittgenstein
Things
Perceptions
Competition
Competitive Method
Empiricism,
Intuition and a priori

Infinite Variances
Economics
Language-games
Logic
Mathematics
Truth
Law
Competitive Justice
Rule-by-Justice
Moral
Conceptual Method of Science
Words
Russia
European Union
Mottos and quotes

 
The biological feeling

This understanding of the moral as the mode of relating finds support in the modern scientific study of neurobiology. The neurobiological research should thus serve to fully disintegrate the traditional philosophical notions of moral (and the accompanying nonsense of free will, consciousness etc). The neurobiological researcher Antonio Damasio says: �As far as I can fathom, few if any perceptions of any object or event, actually present or recalled in memory, are ever neutral in emotional terms. Through either innate design or by learning, we react to most, perhaps all, objects with emotions, however weak, and subsequent feelings, however feeble� (Damasio, p. 93).

The emotions and feelings can be presented as forming an automated homeostatic regulation system ranging from simple to complex, through base level immune response (basic reflexes, metabolic regulation); 2nd level: pain and pleasure behaviors; 3rd level: drives and motivations; 4th level: emotions-proper. � On top of the system Damasio places feelings (�being a mental expression of all other levels of homeostatic regulation�). I claim that language (expressions) represents the next level after feelings; language is the expression (or the expression for the tentative interpretation of feelings and the communicating of them to the external). - �Everyday language is part of the human organism and is no less complicated than it� (Wittgenstein, Tractatus 4.002). - Wittgenstein was looking for the same philosophical insight without finding the final way of saying it. - Wittgenstein was digging in to the biological explanation and at one point comes as close as saying: �Here is one possibility: words are connected with the primitive, the natural, expressions of the sensations and used in their place� (In Philosophical Investigations 244).




To download a free pdf file of this book, please click here

To buy this book, please enter here (www.ruslania.com bookstore)


Click here to download free PDF file



Click here to download free PDF file



Click here to download free PDF file

© 2026 Jon Hellevig